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Forced into switching to Linux
Thomas Fjellstrom
Member #476
June 2000
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axilmar said:

No, it is not a monopoly. You are twisting the definition of monopoly. A monopoly exists when there is only one manufacturer of a product kind. Ford has a lot of competition from other car makers, it's not a monopoly.

I think it gets fuzzy if they ALL lock down repairs. Now they all have a shared monopoly on repairs.

And that is their preferred way of doing things, making it so you have to buy special tools (if you can even get them) to work with different parts, especially the computers.

--
Thomas Fjellstrom - [website] - [email] - [Allegro Wiki] - [Allegro TODO]
"If you can't think of a better solution, don't try to make a better solution." -- weapon_S
"The less evidence we have for what we believe is certain, the more violently we defend beliefs against those who don't agree" -- https://twitter.com/neiltyson/status/592870205409353730

SiegeLord
Member #7,827
October 2006
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axilmar said:

No, the concept of intellectual property doesn't need any rethinking. It's fine as it is.

What. What about (amongst many other things) the indefinite copyright from the Copyright Term Extension Act? Sure, everything's fine from the point of view of megacorporations. Is everything fine from the point of view of the society at large? And don't go saying that because that sort of resembles the free market, it means it is great for society because I, for one, do not subscribe to that lie.

You say this:

Quote:

They say they software's prices are too high, but instead of not buying the overpriced product

And I retort that it doesn't matter what I buy. I am in a minority. I (and all members of my minority) can boycott every piece of bad (from my point of view) software and hardware in existence and it won't make any difference at all in the overall makeup of the market. Free market is like a pure democracy in this respect: tyranny of the majority over the minority.

I love this last bit. Every time I (and others) complain about M$, I am told that I am not an average user, and therefore my comments don't matter. This is the reality.

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They also say that piracy doesn't hurt anyone, because nothing is stolen, which is wrong: in economics, an item's value is not dependent on its physical form. An idea has value, and can be stolen, decreasing its value.

I don't believe that it hurts anyone (see above minority irrelevance argument), but because you (and others) believe that, my current explanation for my piracy is that I want the manufacturers of things I pirate to fail and go out of business. Awhile ago I (and thousands of others) seeded some StarCraft 2, and I'm happy to report that that made the game fail to thrive and the company to go under.

"For in much wisdom is much grief: and he that increases knowledge increases sorrow."-Ecclesiastes 1:18
[SiegeLord's Abode][Codes]:[DAllegro5]:[RustAllegro]

axilmar
Member #1,204
April 2001

SiegeLord said:

. What about (amongst many other things) the indefinite copyright from the Copyright Term Extension Act [en.wikipedia.org]?

You are arguing against the length of copyright, not against the idea of copyright then. Indeed, 100+ years for copyright is not good. But the concept of copyright is not flawed.

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And I retort that it doesn't matter what I buy. I am in a minority. I (and all members of my minority) can boycott every piece of bad (from my point of view) software and hardware in existence and it won't make any difference at all in the overall makeup of the market. Free market is like a pure democracy in this respect: tyranny of the majority over the minority.

If more people did it though, you would become the majority.

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I don't believe that it hurts anyone (see above minority irrelevance argument)

It's not a matter of belief. It's a fact: an item has value independently of its physical form. If you say "I don't believe that it hurts anyone", you are simply deluding yourself, or you are a hypocrite, or you didn't think about it that much.

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my current explanation for my piracy is that I want the manufacturers of things I pirate to fail and go out of business. Awhile ago I (and thousands of others) seeded some StarCraft 2, and I'm happy to report that that made the game fail to thrive and the company to go under.

Saying "my current explanation for my piracy" means that your explanation of your piracy varies from time to time. Which, in reality, it simply means you are making up a different excuse each time, depending on what is happening in the market.

No matter what excuse you make, the fact is you are doing piracy, i.e. you steal value.

Trezker
Member #1,739
December 2001
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I believe that supporting piracy only helps the companies you pirate from.

True boycott means you refuse to even mention their products in any circumstance. If you're really good at it, you'll even forget their product exists.

If you're a true mastermind, you'll develop your own competitive product and still not remember where you got your inspiration from.

Arthur Kalliokoski
Second in Command
February 2005
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Trezker said:

True boycott means you refuse to even mention their products in any circumstance. If you're really good at it, you'll even forget their product exists.

I've had several versions of [ ] from [ ], and while successive versions sucked less, they all pretty much sucked big time. Now I use Linux! ;D

They all watch too much MSNBC... they get ideas.

SiegeLord
Member #7,827
October 2006
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axilmar said:

You are arguing against the length of copyright, not against the idea of copyright then.

Those two things are not that separable. Why should copyright be temporary? The reasons I've seen for temporary copyright is that cultural growth is fueled by sharing: copyright length is set that the original creator is rewarded, but the cultural growth is not stifled unduly. From the point of view of the user (consumer in the more general sense) any non-zero length of copyright, and thus the very idea of copyright, is detrimental.

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If more people did it though, you would become the majority.

"If the problem didn't exist, then you wouldn't have a problem." Don't just assume away my very assumptions and use that as the argument. The assumption is that I am in a minority small enough that no matter what we do, the change in our spending will be lost in the noise of the profit fluctuations of a company, making it unable (even in principle) to satisfy our needs.

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It's a fact: an item has value independently of its physical form.

That is true, but this value is negligible for digital copies of software. Maybe it hurts others, but they certainly don't notice it.

E.g. I might pirate something in complete secret, and never brag about it to anyone... I might use this thing in complete secrecy: nobody would ever know whether or not I had it without paying for it except me. I wouldn't even change my shopping habits to reflect that I now have this thing. I might even buy it legitimately, to screw the system. Have I hurt anyone?

What if I do start bragging about it? Perhaps it'll serve as an advertisement. What if I start using it publically (e.g. use the thing's file format). Perhaps that'll entrench the company's market. Have I hurt anyone? Perhaps I even helped them more than I hurt. It is not at all apparent which way that equation leads.

I for one hope it hurts them more, the bastards.

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your explanation of your piracy varies from time to time.

Opinions change from time to time given new evidence, as do reasons for doing things. The only opinions that don't change, are those of idiots.

"For in much wisdom is much grief: and he that increases knowledge increases sorrow."-Ecclesiastes 1:18
[SiegeLord's Abode][Codes]:[DAllegro5]:[RustAllegro]

Tobias Dammers
Member #2,604
August 2002
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I'm not arguing against copyright per se, and I'm not saying it needs to be rethought so I can legally leech warez.

Copyright is a fairly new concept, invented around the time mass-copying of works (in various art forms) became feasible. Before that, copying was pretty much a non-issue; it involved almost as much manual labor almost as making the original work in the first place. But with the invention of mass media, a peculiar situation arose: on the one hand, copying became cheaper than recreating, on the other hand, copying still required expensive equipment (as did producing copyable art, e.g. recording music in a studio) and some kind of distribution network. Entire industries were built to support this, and they still exist; copyright was invented so that a market economy could distribute profit among artists and distributors. Since the largest expense in creating copies was the copying itself, it was only natural for distributors to take the lead (and the largest chunk of the profit).
The current situation, however, is different: Copying and distributing is practically free, and producing often involves nothing but some affordable stock hardware - even a decent enough music production system can be built for under $5,000. In such a situation, focusing on the copying part (rather than the creation) seems a bit silly, and the fact that copyright exists artificially limits artistic possibilities and a free exchange and amalgamation of ideas (or, in the case of software, innovation: combining existing chunks of code into something new, a common thing in the FOSS world, is usually impossible with closed-source commercial software - both because you don't get the source code, and because you're not allowed to reuse any code by copying and modifying it).

I'm not sure what a different model could be; in any case, it should provide artists (and other creators of copyrightable work) with a decent income, and that income should somehow relate to the act of bringing works of art into existence, not on the act of copying old things. As a musician, I'd much prefer being paid for creating music, here and now, rather than for having created music in the past which for some reason became popular (if only because someone decided to push it as the next big thing).

---
Me make music: Triofobie
---
"We need Tobias and his awesome trombone, too." - Johan Halmén

axilmar
Member #1,204
April 2001

SiegeLord said:

From the point of view of the user (consumer in the more general sense) any non-zero length of copyright, and thus the very idea of copyright, is detrimental.

If there was no copyright, the only creations would come from individuals who would be willing to work for free. Businesses that rely on copyright would cease to exist, along with the innovations they bring.

Quote:

The assumption is that I am in a minority small enough that no matter what we do, the change in our spending will be lost in the noise of the profit fluctuations of a company, making it unable (even in principle) to satisfy our needs.

You should accept the situation, because that's how democracy works. Suppose you wanted to go out completely naked; most people wouldn't accept that. Yes, you will be forced to be dressed, but the majority of the people want that, and you should accept that.

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That is true, but this value is negligible for digital copies of software.

No, it's not negligible. Suppose you write a very nice video game and you publish it without any form of protection. Then no one buys it, instead they all pirate it. You can't say this value is negligible, is it? you would have expenses that you couldn't pay because no one bought your game.

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Maybe it hurts others, but they certainly don't notice it.E.g. I might pirate something in complete secret, and never brag about it to anyone... I might use this thing in complete secrecy: nobody would ever know whether or not I had it without paying for it except me. I wouldn't even change my shopping habits to reflect that I now have this thing. I might even buy it legitimately, to screw the system. Have I hurt anyone?

It's not a matter of doing piracy publicly or not. From the moment you enjoy something, you give value to something. This value is not rewarded to the people that created the product you enjoy.

copyright was invented so that a market economy could distribute profit among artists and distributors.

True.

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Since the largest expense in creating copies was the copying itself

Not true.

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Copying and distributing is practically free

It's not. It takes a lot of energy to run a computer.

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In such a situation, focusing on the copying part (rather than the creation) seems a bit silly,

Agreed. The copying cost is not important any more. But there is still the issue of compensating the creators for their work.

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combining existing chunks of code into something new, a common thing in the FOSS world, is usually impossible with closed-source commercial software - both because you don't get the source code, and because you're not allowed to reuse any code by copying and modifying it)

Can you provide a way to secure that the original creators will be compensated for their work, and also make software free and that their competitors will not steal their ideas?

Personally, I cannot find such a way. It's either copyright or copyleft. There is no middle ground: if you let the source code out there, pretty soon it will fall in the hands of your competitors.

I think that closed source software isn't really a problem. If there is something that is closed source, you can write an open source software that does the same thing. The only drawback is that it takes effort to do what essentially others have also did - but it's a tradeoff I can live with, because competition promotes innovation.

Karadoc ~~
Member #2,749
September 2002
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axilmar said:

If there was no copyright, the only creations would come from individuals who would be willing to work for free.

I don't think this is true.

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Arthur Kalliokoski
Second in Command
February 2005
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I pity the fool who has to labor only to get money.

They all watch too much MSNBC... they get ideas.

Jonatan Hedborg
Member #4,886
July 2004
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axilmar said:

No, it's not negligible. Suppose you write a very nice video game and you publish it without any form of protection. Then no one buys it, instead they all pirate it. You can't say this value is negligible, is it? you would have expenses that you couldn't pay because no one bought your game.

That's simply not true. There are lots of game companies that have released games without protection, and sales have not suffered AFAIK (hard to tell of course, since you can never know how many sales you'd get otherwise).

Copy protection rarely stops piracy for more than a few days, so if copy protection was the only thing keeping people from piracy, there would not be a game industry.

Arthur Kalliokoski
Second in Command
February 2005
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That's simply not true. There are lots of game companies that have released games without protection, and sales have not suffered AFAIK (hard to tell of course, since you can never know how many sales you'd get otherwise).

It goes well beyond that, lots of people have quit buying otherwise valuable games and programs because of DRM.

http://www.allegro.cc/forums/thread/603194/854393#target

They all watch too much MSNBC... they get ideas.

Evert
Member #794
November 2000
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axilmar said:

You should accept the situation, because that's how democracy works. Suppose you wanted to go out completely naked; most people wouldn't accept that. Yes, you will be forced to be dressed, but the majority of the people want that, and you should accept that.

Conversely, of course, democracy is not a dictatorship by the majority, where minorities should just shut up and submit. A disturbing number of people do seem to think that this is what it should be though.

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There is no middle ground: if you let the source code out there, pretty soon it will fall in the hands of your competitors.

There is a way. It's where everyone works together for the common good rather than their own short-term interests. In practical terms, that would mean that it doesn't matter whether your source code falls into the hands of your competitors, because they will acknowledge your contribution and compensate you for it.
Back in reality this doesn't work so well, at least not on a large scale where corporate interests are concerned, but I think you could argue that this is not fixed and unchangeable behaviour, but rather part of our culture that could change in the future. Not saying it will, of course.

Tobias Dammers
Member #2,604
August 2002
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axilmar said:

Agreed. The copying cost is not important any more. But there is still the issue of compensating the creators for their work.

I never said otherwise. That's why I said "rethink", not "abolish".

Quote:

Can you provide a way to secure that the original creators will be compensated for their work, and also make software free and that their competitors will not steal their ideas?

Apart from the fact that ideas cannot be stolen (the closest thing would be using someone else's idea and claiming that it was yours); yes, there are a few ways I can think of.

First of all, if we stop thinking of ideas as 'things' you can 'own', competitors stealing ideas will be a non-issue; the new issue, then, is how do we compensate people who come up with ideas for their efforts? A few ideas (none of which are mine, BTW), have been around for quite a while:

  • society funding (read: tax money)

  • donations and goodwill

  • outright communism / socialism (the real kind, not the dictatorship-in-embarrassing-disguise kind we've had in recent history)

I'm not too confident in either, but then, I'd like any of these better than the current solution.

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Personally, I cannot find such a way. It's either copyright or copyleft. There is no middle ground: if you let the source code out there, pretty soon it will fall in the hands of your competitors.

Why not? Reality is proving you wrong. Numerous software packages are dual-licensed or use some other kind of hybrid model halfway between open-source and closed-source; the custom-built software world uses all sorts of copyright constructs anywhere between "vendor retains all rights" and full copyright transfer; larger systems are often built from both open-source and closed-source commercial components. Mixed open-source / closed-source systems are the pragmatic norm.

Also, open-source licenses have been shown to hold up in court; just because you release source code doesn't mean you lose all power over it. Microsoft has released parts of the .NET framework's source code, yet if you use it to build anything meaningful, expect a bunch of bloodthirsty lawyers on your tail.

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I think that closed source software isn't really a problem. If there is something that is closed source, you can write an open source software that does the same thing. The only drawback is that it takes effort to do what essentially others have also did - but it's a tradeoff I can live with, because competition promotes innovation.

It's not the only drawback. You can't source-code-audit closed-source software; you can't learn from it to produce even better code; you can't port it to a binary-incompatible platform; when encountering a bug, you cannot analyse it to either find a reliable workaround or develop a fix; you cannot easily reuse parts to assemble them into something new; coding style and the general state of a codebase can tell a lot about the overall quality and reliability of a piece of software.

Competition often fuels innovation, but it can also kill innovation: in the free market sense, competition stimulates profitability, not usefulness per se.

And don't forget that there is an enormous amount of competition in the FOSS world. People aren't competing for money, but they are competing for an audience, because without one, it's almost impossible to build a useful, mature product (plus, there's the e-penis that wants to be satisfied).

---
Me make music: Triofobie
---
"We need Tobias and his awesome trombone, too." - Johan Halmén

axilmar
Member #1,204
April 2001

People, socialism doesn't work. Will never work. Humans are not ants.

It would be a lot better if we all understood that and formed our societies and laws to account for that.

FOSS is nice, but it would not exist if there was no commercial software.

There would be no iPhone, no iOS and no cellphone "revolution" if commercial software was not possible.

The company I work for would not be able to sustain its business if all software had to be FOSS.

If that happened, I would be out of a job.

I wouldn't be able to buy a car.

Then you would be out of job.

You wouldn't be able to buy food.

Then other people would be out of job.

Dreaming of an ideal world is nice, but it's also nice to have our feet on the ground, once in a while.

Arthur Kalliokoski
Second in Command
February 2005
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The whole deal with copyrighted software is to allow the owners to sit on their butts and let the money roll in. Without copyright, they might have to <gasp> innovate to stay ahead of their competitors!

They all watch too much MSNBC... they get ideas.

Tobias Dammers
Member #2,604
August 2002
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axilmar said:

People, socialism doesn't work. Will never work. Humans are not ants.

Apparently, the way most of the so-called 'primitive' societies organize themselves resembles socialism à la Marx (minus the class ideology); many of them don't even have a real concept of personal property. Cooperative societies are the norm, not the exception.

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It would be a lot better if we all understood that and formed our societies and laws to account for that.

So let me get this straight; your argument is:

  • there hasn't been a successful large-scale attempt at socialism in recent history

  • ergo socialism doesn't work

  • ergo the status quo is the only possible option

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FOSS is nice, but it would not exist if there was no commercial software.

Software used to be open source long before people invented the very concept of closed-source software. What makes you think people would stop writing software just because nobody pays them? Sure, a whole bunch of people would, but every single person with such a mentality I've ever dealt with writes lousy software anyway.

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There would be no iPhone, no iOS and no cellphone "revolution" if commercial software was not possible. The company I work for would not be able to sustain its business if all software had to be FOSS. If that happened, I would be out of a job. I wouldn't be able to buy a car. Then you would be out of job. You wouldn't be able to buy food. Then other people would be out of job. Dreaming of an ideal world is nice, but it's also nice to have our feet on the ground, once in a while.

Do you seriously believe that the only way for mankind to survive is to sell each other things, despite the fact that for over 90% of our species' existence, we have done just fine without doing so? Do you really believe that even though the concept of software itself is probably less than a century old, and the first computers of any practical use at all were built less than 70 years ago, closed-source software is a requirement for keeping us all fed? Hey, even the concept of employment is just about three centuries old, less than 1% of the history of homo sapiens sapiens.

And on a more practical notice: If all software were FOSS, I'd still have a job. I build custom software; clients pay for it not because we're cheaper than shrink-wrap, but because no shrink-wrap solutions exist that meet the clients' needs. We use FOSS tools and building blocks, not because they're cheaper, but because they're better suited for the task (and occasionally, they are not, and we use closed-source components instead, but this is rare). People pay me for bringing the software they need into existence, not for allowing them to copy my ideas.

---
Me make music: Triofobie
---
"We need Tobias and his awesome trombone, too." - Johan Halmén

Arthur Kalliokoski
Second in Command
February 2005
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Really, the primitive societies don't really have a concept of personal property because anything they have can be made from raw materials in less than an hour. What price stealing an arrow if you can just make one?

They all watch too much MSNBC... they get ideas.

Karadoc ~~
Member #2,749
September 2002
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axilmar said:

People, socialism doesn't work. Will never work. Humans are not ants.

It would be a lot better if we all understood that and formed our societies and laws to account for that.

People, capitalism doesn't work. Will never work. Humans are not capuchin monkeys[1]. It would be a lot better if we all understood that and formed our societies and laws to account for that.

See what I did there? :p

But nar, I'm just kidding. Everyone knows that capitalism is the lifeblood of humanity. No one could possibly survive in a socialist state.

References

  1. The story there is not about capitalism, but I thought it was interesting anyway.

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Trezker
Member #1,739
December 2001
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Here in Sweden, a lot of people get money from the state for various reasons.
There's so much work involved in making sure these people are allowed to get the money they apply for that I think it may actually be cheaper if we simply gave out a monthly sum to every citizen.

No bureaucracy, it's just a matter of distribution. The people who previously had to spend many hours monthly to fight for their right to get their money now has more free time to do something productive. And the politicians has a whole field of politics now reduced to the single question, how much should everyone get every month?

Jonatan Hedborg
Member #4,886
July 2004
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Trezker said:

I think it may actually be cheaper if we simply gave out a monthly sum to every citizen.

I think you need to go back and think about the maths a bit ;)

http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveriges_statsbudget

If we divide all the income from taxes etc and divide it to all people equally, there is about 8800 SEK per person/month. Not enough to live on for those that need it. And we could not divide everything anyway, maybe half of it - tops.

Trezker
Member #1,739
December 2001
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Did you miscalculate by a factor of 10?
Income 853.800.000.000
Population 9 428 054
Per capita 90559

Jonatan Hedborg
Member #4,886
July 2004
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No. That's 7500 SEK per month.

Tobias Dammers
Member #2,604
August 2002
avatar

I think you need to go back and think about the maths a bit

The maths part is fine. Instead of paying a base income to only those who need it (and discouraging any efforts of picking up a low-income job), give everyone the guaranteed base income, and raise income taxes to compensate.

Simplified example. Lets assume:

  • 10% of the population do not have any income at all

  • 80% of the population have an average income, 10,000 GP (gold pieces) per year

  • 10% of the population make ten times the average, 100k GP / yr

  • To sustain a minimal lifestyle, a person needs about 5,000 GP per year

  • We have a population of 1000

This means that the total amount of taxable income is 800 * 10k + 100 * 100k = 18 million GP. If we assume that the first 5000 GP (the minimum income) aren't taxed, we get 800 * 5k + 100 * 95k = 13.5 million GP.
The 10% population requires 100 * 5000 = 500k GP; this means we need a 3.7% flat income tax to be able to pay for this. The income situation is now:

  • 10% of the population get 5000 GP from the state

  • 80% of the population make 10k GP, paying 3.7% of 5000 in taxes, leaving them with 9815 GP

  • 10% make 100k GP and pay 3.7% of 95000 in taxes, leaving them with 96,485 GP

Now let's assume the state pays 5000 GP to everyone: this will cost 1000 * 5k = 5 million GP. We can remove the 5000 tax-free GP rule (because the base income comes from the state), so we need a 27.8% tax rate on everything to finance this. The individual situations are now:

  • 10% of the population gets 5000 GP from the state

  • 80% of the population make 10k GP, paying 27.8% of 10k GP in taxes, leaving them with 7220 + 5000 = 12220 GP

  • 10% make 100k, paying 27.8% of 100k GP in taxes, leaving them with 72,200 + 5000 = 77,200 GP

Note that the difference between both models in the richest segment can be compensated for to end up with more or less the same sums, by using different tax rates for higher and lower incomes (in a real country, there is such a difference already, but it works in the other direction, so a flat tax might actually just work). The point is that even though taxes are higher in the second example, most individual incomes are the same or higher.

It's still practically impossible though, because proposing a flat tax rate of, say, 60%, would amount to political suicide. The problem is not the maths, but the psychology. "We pay you $1500 each month, but we'll take away more than half your salary" just doesn't sound acceptable, even if you might end up with more money than you have now.

---
Me make music: Triofobie
---
"We need Tobias and his awesome trombone, too." - Johan Halmén

Jonatan Hedborg
Member #4,886
July 2004
avatar

Your simplified example is faulty, because the assumptions are wrong (I also oppose it on an ethical plane, but that's a different point).

In Sweden at least, about 47% of the population does not have an income (under 18, over 65 or unemployed).

We still give out a total of 5000k. If we assume that 1/8 of the people with an income earns 10x as much as the rest (which I think is WILDLY incorrect, but I can't find any statistics on that), we get 66*100k + 464*10k = 11240k, resulting in about 44.5% taxes.
Lower segment: 5k (minimum)
Middle segment: 10.55k
Upper segment: 60.5k
Why is the upper segment being forced into paying for everyone? What's stopping them from simply leaving to a country where they don't have to feed the rest of the population?
And this is before other taxes - roads, schools, medicine, pensions etc.

Why is this better than figuring out who actually needs money, and give them what they need - assuming that they fill certain conditions (pensioners have worked their entire lives, kids go to school so they can be productive in the future, unemployed people try to get a job etc).

EDIT:
And this is before taking into account the number of people that would quit their jobs, or at least work less (further increasing the size of the unproductive lower segment).

TL;DR:
It's a horrible idea that would ruin any society that even thinks about implementing it.



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