1switch (ev.type) { 2 case ALLEGRO_EVENT_MOUSE_AXES: 3 p.m.x += ev.mouse.dx; 4 p.m.y += ev.mouse.dy; 5 p.m.ax = p.m.x / MOUSE_SPEED;//angle x: 1 rotation = 2*PI 6 p.m.ay = p.m.y / -MOUSE_SPEED;//angle y: goes from -PI/2 to PI/2 7 al_set_mouse_xy(display, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2); 8 if (p.m.ay > PI / 2) { 9 p.m.ay = PI / 2; 10 p.m.y = ((PI / 2)*-MOUSE_SPEED); 11 } 12 if (p.m.ay < -PI / 2) { 13 p.m.ay = -PI / 2; 14 p.m.y = ((-PI / 2)*-MOUSE_SPEED); 15 } 16//------------------------------------------------ 17//----------calculate camera rotation------------- 18//------------------------------------------------ 19//-------------how do i do this?------------------ 20//------------------------------------------------ 21 p.m.cax = p.m.ay; 22 p.m.cay = p.m.ax; 23 p.m.caz = 0; 24 25 /*p.m.cax = cos(p.m.ax) * cos(p.m.ay)*PI; 26 p.m.cay = sin(p.m.ay)*PI; 27 p.m.caz = sin(p.m.ax) * cos(p.m.ay)*PI;*/ 28 break;

1 al_identity_transform(&tra); 2 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, p.x, p.y, p.z); 3 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 1, 0, 0, p.m.cax); 4 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 1, 0, p.m.cay); 5 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 0, 1, p.m.caz); 6 al_perspective_transform(&tra, -SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, -SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2, 1000, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2, 100000); 7 al_use_projection_transform(&tra); 8 9 al_flip_display();

1#include<allegro5\allegro.h> 2#include<allegro5\allegro_font.h> 3#include<allegro5\allegro_ttf.h> 4#include<allegro5\allegro_color.h> 5#include<allegro5\allegro_primitives.h> 6#include<allegro5\allegro_image.h> 7#include<cmath> 8 9 10#define LOOP(var,max) for(var=0;var<max;++var) 11#define KD(keycode) al_key_down(&key,ALLEGRO_KEY_##keycode) 12 13#define SCREEN_WIDTH (100 * 16) 14#define SCREEN_HEIGHT (100 * 9) 15#define PI 3.141592653589793238462643 16 17#define MOVE_SPEED 30 18#define MOUSE_SPEED 500. //higher = lower speed 19 20typedef struct { 21 int x, y;//xy location of mouse 22 float ax, ay;//xy angle of mouse 23 float cax, cay, caz;//camera angle 24}mouse_t; 25 26class player_t { 27public: 28 mouse_t m = { 0 }; 29 float x = 0, y = 0, z = 0; 30}; 31 32void process_keyboard(player_t& p) { 33 ALLEGRO_KEYBOARD_STATE key; 34 al_get_keyboard_state(&key); 35 36 //move the player 37 if (KD(A)) { 38 p.x += MOVE_SPEED * cos(p.m.ax); 39 p.z += MOVE_SPEED * sin(p.m.ax); 40 } 41 if (KD(D)) { 42 p.x -= MOVE_SPEED * cos(p.m.ax); 43 p.z -= MOVE_SPEED * sin(p.m.ax); 44 } 45 if (KD(W)) { 46 p.z += MOVE_SPEED * cos(-p.m.ax); 47 p.x += MOVE_SPEED * sin(-p.m.ax); 48 } 49 if (KD(S)) { 50 p.z -= MOVE_SPEED * cos(-p.m.ax); 51 p.x -= MOVE_SPEED * sin(-p.m.ax); 52 } 53 if (KD(SPACE)) 54 p.y += MOVE_SPEED; 55 if (KD(CAPSLOCK) || KD(LSHIFT)) 56 p.y -= MOVE_SPEED; 57 if (KD(ESCAPE)) 58 exit(0); 59} 60 61void init() { 62 al_init(); 63 al_init_image_addon(); 64 al_init_primitives_addon(); 65 al_init_ttf_addon(); 66 al_init_font_addon(); 67 al_install_keyboard(); 68 al_install_mouse(); 69 al_set_new_display_option(ALLEGRO_DEPTH_SIZE, 16, ALLEGRO_SUGGEST); 70} 71 72int main() { 73 init(); 74 int i, j; 75 auto display = al_create_display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT); 76 auto q = al_create_event_queue(); 77 auto fps = al_create_timer(1 / 60.); 78 ALLEGRO_EVENT ev; 79 ALLEGRO_TRANSFORM tra; 80 player_t p; 81 auto font = al_load_ttf_font("fonts/DeansgateCondensed-Bold.ttf", 64, 0);//just a generic font for testing 82 al_register_event_source(q, al_get_timer_event_source(fps)); 83 al_register_event_source(q, al_get_mouse_event_source()); 84 al_register_event_source(q, al_get_display_event_source(display)); 85 al_start_timer(fps); 86 al_set_render_state(ALLEGRO_DEPTH_TEST, 1); 87 auto image = al_load_bitmap("images/ground.jpeg");//random picture of some ground 88 /*p.m.x = SCREEN_WIDTH / 2; 89 p.m.y = SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2;*/ 90 al_set_mouse_xy(display, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2); 91 ALLEGRO_VERTEX cube[] = { 92 {-1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 93 {-1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 94 {-1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 95 96 {1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 97 {-1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 98 {-1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 99 100 {1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 101 {-1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 102 {1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 103 104 {1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 105 {1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 106 {-1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 107 108 {-1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1)}, 109 {-1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1)}, 110 {-1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1)}, 111 112 {1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0)}, 113 {-1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0)}, 114 {-1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0)}, 115 116 {-1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0)}, 117 {-1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0)}, 118 {1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0)}, 119 120 {1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,0)}, 121 {1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,0)}, 122 {1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,0)}, 123 124 {1000,-1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 125 {1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 126 {1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 127 128 {1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 129 {1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 130 {-1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 131 132 {1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 133 {-1000, 1000,-1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 134 {-1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 135 136 {1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 137 {-1000, 1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 138 {1000,-1000, 1000, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 139 }; 140 ALLEGRO_VERTEX ground[] = { 141 { 1000,0,1000,al_get_bitmap_width(image),al_get_bitmap_height(image),al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1) }, 142 { -1000,0,1000,0,al_get_bitmap_height(image),al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1) }, 143 { -1000,0,-1000,0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1) }, 144 145 { 1000,0,1000,al_get_bitmap_width(image),al_get_bitmap_height(image),al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1) }, 146 { 1000,0,-1000,al_get_bitmap_width(image),0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1) }, 147 { -1000,0,-1000,0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1) }, 148 }; 149 while (1) { 150 al_wait_for_event(q, &ev); 151 switch (ev.type) { 152 case ALLEGRO_EVENT_MOUSE_AXES: 153 p.m.x += ev.mouse.dx; 154 p.m.y += ev.mouse.dy; 155 p.m.ax = p.m.x / MOUSE_SPEED;//angle x: 1 rotation = 2*PI 156 p.m.ay = p.m.y / -MOUSE_SPEED;//angle y: goes from -PI/2 to PI/2 157 al_set_mouse_xy(display, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2); 158 if (p.m.ay > PI / 2) { 159 p.m.ay = PI / 2; 160 p.m.y = ((PI / 2)*-MOUSE_SPEED); 161 } 162 if (p.m.ay < -PI / 2) { 163 p.m.ay = -PI / 2; 164 p.m.y = ((-PI / 2)*-MOUSE_SPEED); 165 } 166//------------------------------------------------ 167//----------calculate camera rotation------------- 168//------------------------------------------------ 169//-------------how do i do this?------------------ 170//------------------------------------------------ 171 p.m.cax = p.m.ay; 172 p.m.cay = p.m.ax; 173 p.m.caz = 0; //ev.mouse.z / 100.; 174 175 /*p.m.cax = cos(p.m.ax) * cos(p.m.ay)*PI; 176 p.m.cay = sin(p.m.ay)*PI; 177 p.m.caz = sin(p.m.ax) * cos(p.m.ay)*PI;*/ 178 179 break; 180 case ALLEGRO_EVENT_TIMER: 181 //key input 182 process_keyboard(p); 183 184 //clear display 185 al_clear_to_color(al_map_rgb_f(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)); 186 al_clear_depth_buffer(10000); 187 188 //draw the normalized angles (floating text around you) (2*PI = 1) 189 al_identity_transform(&tra); 190 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, -p.x, -p.y, -p.z - 2000); 191 al_use_transform(&tra); 192 LOOP(j, 12) { 193 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 1, 0, PI / 6); 194 LOOP(i, 12) { 195 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 1, 0, 0, PI / 6); 196 al_use_transform(&tra); 197 al_draw_multiline_textf(font, al_map_rgb_f(0, 1, 0.5), 50, 50, 0, 0, 0, "ax_%.4f ay_%.4f cax_%.4f cay_%.4f caz_%.4f", p.m.ax / PI / 2, p.m.ay / PI / 2, p.m.cax / PI / 2, p.m.cay / PI / 2, p.m.caz / PI / 2); 198 } 199 } 200 //draw the ground 201 al_identity_transform(&tra); 202 al_scale_transform_3d(&tra, 10, 0, 10); 203 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 6000, 0); 204 al_use_transform(&tra); 205 al_draw_prim(ground, NULL, image, 0, 6, ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 206 207 //draw the 5 floating cubes 208 al_identity_transform(&tra); 209 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 0, -4000); 210 al_use_transform(&tra); 211 al_draw_prim(cube, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeof(cube) / sizeof(cube[0]), ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 212 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 5000, 0); 213 al_use_transform(&tra); 214 al_draw_prim(cube, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeof(cube) / sizeof(cube[0]), ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 215 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, 5000, -5000, 5000); 216 al_use_transform(&tra); 217 al_draw_prim(cube, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeof(cube) / sizeof(cube[0]), ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 218 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, -5000, -5000, 5000); 219 al_use_transform(&tra); 220 al_draw_prim(cube, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeof(cube) / sizeof(cube[0]), ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 221 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, -5000, 5000, 5000); 222 al_use_transform(&tra); 223 al_draw_prim(cube, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeof(cube) / sizeof(cube[0]), ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 224 225 //do the camera transforms 226 al_identity_transform(&tra); 227 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, p.x, p.y, p.z); 228 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 1, 0, 0, p.m.cax); 229 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 1, 0, p.m.cay); 230 al_rotate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 0, 1, p.m.caz); 231 al_perspective_transform(&tra, -SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, -SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2, 1000, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2, 100000); 232 al_use_projection_transform(&tra); 233 234 al_flip_display(); 235 break; 236 } 237 } 238}

1#include<allegro5\allegro.h> 2#include<allegro5\allegro_font.h> 3#include<allegro5\allegro_ttf.h> 4#include<allegro5\allegro_color.h> 5#include<allegro5\allegro_primitives.h> 6#include<allegro5\allegro_image.h> 7#include<cmath> 8#include<cstdlib> 9#include<iostream> 10 11#define FOV (PI/2) //90 degrees (vertical not horizontal) 12 13#define KD(keycode) al_key_down(&key,ALLEGRO_KEY_##keycode) 14#define LOOP(var,max) for(var=0;var<max;++var) 15 16#define PI 3.141592653589793238462643 17#define SCREEN_WIDTH (100 * 16) 18#define SCREEN_HEIGHT (100 * 9) 19 20#define MOVE_SPEED .03 21#define MOUSE_SPEED 500. //higher = lower speed 22 23typedef struct { 24 int x, y;//xy location of mouse 25 float ax, ay;//xy angle of mouse 26 float cax, cay, caz;//camera "location" 27}mouse_t; 28 29class player_t { 30public: 31 mouse_t m = { 0 }; 32 float x = 0, y = 0, z = 3; 33}; 34 35class mesh_t { 36public: 37 size_t size_of_mesh = 0; 38 ALLEGRO_VERTEX * mesh = NULL; 39 void add_to_mesh_transform(ALLEGRO_VERTEX*add, size_t amount_of_vertices, ALLEGRO_TRANSFORM*transform) { 40 ALLEGRO_VERTEX*v = (ALLEGRO_VERTEX*)malloc(sizeof(ALLEGRO_VERTEX)*amount_of_vertices); 41 if (v == NULL) { 42 std::cout << "EVERYTHING HAS FAILED! ABORT NOW OR COMPUTER WILL EXPLODE!" << std::endl; 43 al_rest(5); 44 exit(1); 45 } 46 memcpy(v, add, amount_of_vertices * sizeof(ALLEGRO_VERTEX)); 47 int i; 48 LOOP(i, amount_of_vertices) { 49 al_transform_coordinates_3d(transform, &v[i].x, &v[i].y, &v[i].z); 50 } 51 mesh = (ALLEGRO_VERTEX*)realloc(mesh, sizeof(ALLEGRO_VERTEX)*(amount_of_vertices + size_of_mesh)); 52 memcpy(&(mesh[size_of_mesh]), v, amount_of_vertices * sizeof(ALLEGRO_VERTEX)); 53 size_of_mesh += amount_of_vertices; 54 free(v); 55 } 56 void reset_mesh() { 57 free(mesh); 58 mesh = NULL; 59 size_of_mesh = 0; 60 } 61 //size_t size() { 62 // return size_of_mesh; 63 //} 64}; 65 66void process_keyboard(player_t& p) { 67 ALLEGRO_KEYBOARD_STATE key; 68 al_get_keyboard_state(&key); 69 70 //move the player 71 if (KD(A)) { 72 p.x += MOVE_SPEED * cos(p.m.ax); 73 p.z += MOVE_SPEED * sin(p.m.ax); 74 } 75 if (KD(D)) { 76 p.x -= MOVE_SPEED * cos(p.m.ax); 77 p.z -= MOVE_SPEED * sin(p.m.ax); 78 } 79 if (KD(W)) { 80 p.z += MOVE_SPEED * cos(-p.m.ax); 81 p.x += MOVE_SPEED * sin(-p.m.ax); 82 } 83 if (KD(S)) { 84 p.z -= MOVE_SPEED * cos(-p.m.ax); 85 p.x -= MOVE_SPEED * sin(-p.m.ax); 86 } 87 if (KD(SPACE)) 88 p.y += MOVE_SPEED; 89 if (KD(CAPSLOCK) || KD(LSHIFT)) 90 p.y -= MOVE_SPEED; 91 if (KD(ESCAPE)) 92 exit(0); 93} 94 95void init() { 96 al_init(); 97 al_init_image_addon(); 98 al_init_primitives_addon(); 99 al_init_ttf_addon(); 100 al_init_font_addon(); 101 al_install_keyboard(); 102 al_install_mouse(); 103 al_set_new_display_option(ALLEGRO_DEPTH_SIZE, 16, ALLEGRO_SUGGEST); 104} 105 106void setup_3d_projection() { 107 ALLEGRO_TRANSFORM projection; 108 al_identity_transform(&projection); 109 al_translate_transform_3d(&projection, 0, 0, 0); 110 double fov = tan(FOV / 2); 111 al_perspective_transform(&projection, -1 * SCREEN_WIDTH / SCREEN_HEIGHT * fov, fov, 1, fov*SCREEN_WIDTH / SCREEN_HEIGHT, -fov, 1000); 112 al_use_projection_transform(&projection); 113} 114 115int main() { 116 init(); 117 int i, j; 118 auto display = al_create_display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT); 119 auto q = al_create_event_queue(); 120 auto fps = al_create_timer(1 / 60.); 121 mesh_t mesh; 122 ALLEGRO_EVENT ev; 123 ALLEGRO_TRANSFORM tra, cam, curprotra; 124 player_t p; 125 auto font = al_load_ttf_font("fonts/DeansgateCondensed-Bold.ttf", 16, 0);//just a generic font for testing 126 al_register_event_source(q, al_get_timer_event_source(fps)); 127 al_register_event_source(q, al_get_mouse_event_source()); 128 al_register_event_source(q, al_get_display_event_source(display)); 129 al_start_timer(fps); 130 auto image = al_load_bitmap("images/ground.jpeg");//random picture of some ground 131 al_set_mouse_xy(display, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2); 132 ALLEGRO_VERTEX cube[] = { 133 {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 134 {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 135 {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 136 137 {1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 138 {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 139 {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 140 141 {1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 142 {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 143 {1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 144 145 {1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 146 {1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 147 {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 148 149 {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1)}, 150 {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1)}, 151 {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1)}, 152 153 {1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0)}, 154 {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0)}, 155 {-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0)}, 156 157 {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0)}, 158 {-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0)}, 159 {1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0)}, 160 161 {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,0)}, 162 {1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,0)}, 163 {1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,0,0)}, 164 165 {1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 166 {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 167 {1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,1)}, 168 169 {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 170 {1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 171 {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1)}, 172 173 {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 174 {-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 175 {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1)}, 176 177 {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 178 {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 179 {1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0)}, 180 }; 181 ALLEGRO_VERTEX ground[] = { 182 { 1.0f,0,1.0f,al_get_bitmap_width(image),al_get_bitmap_height(image),al_map_rgb_f(0,1,1) }, 183 { -1.0f,0,1.0f,0,al_get_bitmap_height(image),al_map_rgb_f(1,0,1) }, 184 { -1.0f,0,-1.0f,0,0,al_map_rgb_f(1,1,0) }, 185 186 { 1.0f,0,1.0f,al_get_bitmap_width(image),al_get_bitmap_height(image),al_map_rgb_f(0,0,1) }, 187 { 1.0f,0,-1.0f,al_get_bitmap_width(image),0,al_map_rgb_f(1,0,0) }, 188 { -1.0f,0,-1.0f,0,0,al_map_rgb_f(0,1,0) }, 189 }; 190 191 //initialize the mesh 192 al_identity_transform(&tra); 193 mesh.add_to_mesh_transform(cube, std::size(cube), &tra); 194 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, 3, 0, 0); 195 mesh.add_to_mesh_transform(cube, std::size(cube), &tra); 196 al_identity_transform(&tra); 197 al_scale_transform_3d(&tra, 10, 1, 10); 198 al_translate_transform_3d(&tra, 0, 6, 0); 199 mesh.add_to_mesh_transform(ground, std::size(ground), &tra); 200 201 while (1) { 202 al_wait_for_event(q, &ev); 203 switch (ev.type) { 204 case ALLEGRO_EVENT_MOUSE_AXES: 205 p.m.x += ev.mouse.dx; 206 p.m.y += ev.mouse.dy; 207 p.m.ax = p.m.x / MOUSE_SPEED;//angle x: 1 rotation = 2*PI 208 p.m.ay = p.m.y / -MOUSE_SPEED;//angle y: goes from -PI/2 to PI/2 209 al_set_mouse_xy(display, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2); 210 /*if (p.m.ay > PI / 2) { 211 p.m.ay = PI / 2; 212 p.m.y = ((PI / 2)*-MOUSE_SPEED); 213 } 214 if (p.m.ay < -PI / 2) { 215 p.m.ay = -PI / 2; 216 p.m.y = ((-PI / 2)*-MOUSE_SPEED); 217 }*/ 218 219//--------------camera calculations---------------- 220 p.m.cax = cos(p.m.ay)*sin(p.m.ax); 221 p.m.cay = cos(p.m.ay)*cos(p.m.ax); 222 p.m.caz = sin(p.m.ay); 223 224 std::cout << "cax=" << p.m.cax << '\t' << "cay=" << p.m.cay << '\t' << "caz=" << p.m.caz << '\t' << std::endl; 225 break; 226 case ALLEGRO_EVENT_TIMER: 227 //key input 228 process_keyboard(p); 229 230 curprotra = *al_get_current_projection_transform(); 231 setup_3d_projection(); 232 233 al_clear_to_color(al_map_rgb_f(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)); 234 al_set_render_state(ALLEGRO_DEPTH_TEST, 1); 235 al_clear_depth_buffer(1); 236 237// ----------------camera transform--------------- 238 al_build_camera_transform(&cam, p.x, p.y, p.z, 239 p.x + p.m.cax, p.y + p.m.cay, p.z + p.m.caz, 240 0, 1, 0); 241 al_use_transform(&cam); 242 //draw 3d things 243 al_draw_prim(mesh.mesh, NULL, NULL, 0, mesh.size_of_mesh, ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 244 245 //restore projection 246 al_identity_transform(&tra); 247 al_use_transform(&tra); 248 al_use_projection_transform(&curprotra); 249 al_set_render_state(ALLEGRO_DEPTH_TEST, 0); 250 251 //draw 2d things 252 al_draw_multiline_textf(font, al_map_rgb_f(0.8, 0.1, 0.2), 50, 50, 0, 0, 0, "normalized(2PI=1) ax_%.4f ay_%.4f not_normalized cax_%.4f cay_%.4f caz_%.4f", p.m.ax / PI / 2, p.m.ay / PI / 2, p.m.cax, p.m.cay, p.m.caz); 253 al_flip_display(); 254 break; 255 } 256 } 257}

1 void RebuildTransform() { 2 fw = Vec(0,0,-1); 3 rt = Vec(1,0,0); 4 up = Vec(0,1,0); 5 /// Apply yaw 6 ALLEGRO_TRANSFORM t1; 7 al_identity_transform(&t1); 8 al_rotate_transform(&t1 , up.x , up.y , up.z , yaw); 9 al_transform_coordinates(&t1 , &rt.x , &rt.y , &rt.z); 10 al_transform_coordinates(&t1 , &fw.x , &fw.y , &fw.z); 11 12 /// Apply pitch 13 al_identity_transform(&t1); 14 al_rotate_transform(&t1 , rt.x , rt.y , rt.z , yaw); 15 al_transform_coordinates(&t1 , &up.x , &up.y , &up.z); 16 al_transform_coordinates(&t1 , &fw.x , &fw.y , &fw.z); 17 18 /// Apply roll 19 //... 20 Vec look = pos + fw; 21 al_build_camera_transform(&t , pos.x , pos.y , pos.z , look.x , look.y , look.z , up.x , up.y , up.z); 22 }

1// ----------------camera transform--------------- 2 al_build_camera_transform(&cam, p.x, p.y, p.z, 3 p.x + p.m.cax, p.y + p.m.cay, p.z + p.m.caz, 4 0, 1, 0); 5 al_use_transform(&cam); 6 7 //draw 3d things 8 al_draw_prim(mesh.mesh, NULL, NULL, 0, mesh.size_of_mesh, ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST);//drawing the mesh as before 9 10//now draw an extra cube 3 units below 0,0,0 11 ALLEGRO_TRANSFORM copy_of_cam, transform; 12 al_identity_transform(&transform); 13 al_copy_transform(&copy_of_cam, &cam); 14 15 al_translate_transform_3d(&transform,0, -3, 0); 16 al_compose_transform(&copy_of_cam, &transform); 17 al_use_transform(&copy_of_cam); 18 19 al_draw_prim(cube, NULL, NULL, 0, std::size(cube), ALLEGRO_PRIM_TRIANGLE_LIST); 20 21 //restore projection 22 //...